Volume 197
Institute of Metals Division Iron and Steel Division Extractive Metallurgy Division 1953
Papers and Discussions Presented at Meetings Held at New York, February 18 to 21, 1952; Spokane Regional Meeting, May 9 to 10, 1952; Philadelphia, October 20 to 22, 1952; Los Angeles, February 16 to 19, 1953; Cleveland, October 19 to 21, 1953; New York, February 15 to 18, 1954
Title Page
Foreword, K. C. McCutcheon
Contents

Technical Papers

Institute of Metals Division

TITLE AUTHOR
Density and Hydrogen Occlusion of Some Ferrous Metals J. H. Keeler and H. M. Davis
Bend Plane Phenomena in the Deformation of Zinc Monocrystals J. J. Gilman and T. A. Read
Preferred Orientations in Iodide Titanium (Discussion page 1563) C. J. McHargue and J. P. Hammond
Forging of Arc-Melted Chromium H. L. Gilbert, H. A. Johansen, and R. G. Nelson
Flow and Fracture Characteristics of the Aluminum Alloy 24S-T4 as Affected by Strain Thermal History S. I. Liu and E. J. Ripling
Effect of Alloying Elements on the Behavior of Nitrogen in Alpha Iron (Discussion page 1560) L. J. Dijkstra and R. J. Sladek
Systems Zirconium-Molybdenum and Zirconium-Wolfram (Discussion page 747) R. F. Domagala, D. J. McPherson, and M. Hansen
Measurement of Internal Boundaries in Three-Dimensional Structures by Random Sectioning (Discussion page 1561) C. S. Smith and L. Guttman
Effect of Tensile Strain at Low Temperatures on Deformation Twinning in Ingot Iron G. W. Geil and N. L. Carwile
Absolute Rate Theory Applied to Rate of Growth of Pearlite (Discussion page 1581) J. H. Frye, Jr., E. E. Stansbury, and D. L. McElroy
Titanium-Manganese System (Discussion page 1566) D. J. Maykuth, H. R. Ogden, and R. I. Jaffee
Titanium-Tungsten and Titanium-Tantalum Systems D. J. Maykuth, H. R. Ogden, and R. I. Jaffee
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Iodide Titanium (Discussion page 1562) D. J. Maykuth, H. R. Ogden, and R. I. Jaffee
Titanium-Nickel Phase Diagram H. Margolin, E. Ence, and J. P. Nielsen
Titanium-Carbon Phase Diagram (Discussion page 1564) I. Cadoff and J. P. Nielsen
Constitution of Titanium-Rich Ti-Cr-A1 Alloys at 1800° and 1400°F (Discussion page 1565) J. L. Taylor and P. Duwez
Mechanism of Plastic Flow in Titanium-Determination of Slip and Twinning Elements F. D. Rosi, C. A. Dube, and B. H. Alexander
Observation on Scaling of Iron (Correction page 572) (Discussion page 1570) W. J. Wrazej
Mechanical Properties of High Purity Ti-Al Alloys (Discussion page 1561) H. R. Ogden, D. J. Maykuth, W. L. Finlay, and R. I. Jaffee
System Zirconium—Copper C. E. Lundin, D. J. Mcpherson, and M. Hansen
System Zirconium-Chromium R. F. Domagala, D. J. Mcpherson, and M. Hansen
Kinetics of Thermal Reorientations in Cold Rolled Zirconium (Discussion page 1573) R. K. McGeary and B. Lustman
Vanadium-Oxygen Solid Solutions A. U. Seybolt and H. T. Sumsion
Cold-Rolling and Annealing Textures of Molybdenum Single Crystals (Discussion page 1569) N. K. Chen and R. Maddin
Grain Boundary Sliding and Migration and Intercrystalline Failure Under Creep Conditions (Discussion page 1579) H. C. Chang and N. J. Grant
Determination of the Absolute Grain Boundary Energy of Gold at 1300°K F. H. Buttner. H. Udin. and J. Wulff
Nature of the Creep Curve (Discussion page 1577) T. H. Hazlett and E. R. Parker
Some Observations on correlations Between the Creep Behavior and the Resulting Structures in Alpha Solid Solutions O. D. Sherby and J. E. Dorn
Creep Properties of Commercially Pure Titanium W. R. Kiessel and M. J. Sinnott
Occurrence of Chi Phase in Molybdenum-Bearing Stainless Steels P. K. Koh
Effect of Small Additions of Oxygen on Lattice Constants and Hardness of Zirconium R. M. Treco
Development of Mechanical and Magnetic Hardness in a 10 Pct V-Co-Fe Alloy R. W. Fountain and J. F. Libsch
Thermal and Dilatometric Investigation of the Alloys of Cobalt with Chromium and Molybdenum A. G. Metcalfe
Residual Stresses Introduced During Metal Fabrication (Institute of Metals Division Lecture, 1953) K. R. Van Horn
Directional Properties of 2S Aluminum K. T. Aust and F. R. Morral
Some Applications of the Thermodynamic Theory of Irreversible Processes to Physical Metallurgy E. S. Machlin
Measurement of Particle Sizes in Opaque Bodies R. L. Fullman
Stabilization of the Austenite-Martensite Reaction in a High Chromium Steel S. C. Das Gupta and B. S. Lement
Effects of Macrostructure on the Performance of Alnico Permanent Magnets D. G. Ebeling and A. A. Burr
Vanadium-Uranium Constitutional Diagram H. A. Saller and F. A. Rough
Silver-Cadmium Eutectoid G. R Speich and D. J. Mack
Formation of Deformation Bands In Al-3 Pct Mg Monocrystals During Cold Rolling J. Herenguel, P. Lacombe, and P. Lelong
Statistical Grain Structure Studies Plane Distribution Curves of Regular Polyhedrons (Discussion page 1570) F. C. Hull and W. J. Houk
Effect of Dissolved Sulphur on the Surface Tension of Liquid Copper C. F. Baes, Jr. and H. H. Kellogg
Electron Microscope Study of the Effect of Cold Work on the Subgrain Structure of Copper L. Delisle
Martensite Habit Plane in Quenched Ti-Mn Alloys Y. C. Liu and H. Margolin
Recrystallization of a Cold-Rolled Copper Single Crystal (Discussion page 1568) Y. C. Liu and W. R. Hibbard, Jr.
Rate of Formation of Isothermal Martensite in Fe-Ni-Mn Alloy R. E. Cech And J. H. Hollomon
Identification of the Precipitate Accompanying 885°F Embrittlement in Chromium Steels R. M. Fisher, E. J. Dulis, and K. G. Carroll
Densification and Kinetics of Grain Growth during the Sintering of Chromium Carbide H. J. Hamjian and W. G. Lidman
Deformation of Ferrite Single Crystals F. L. Vogel, Jr. and R. M. Brick
Vapor Pressure of Silver C L. McCabe and C. E. Birchenall
Vapor Pressure of Silver over Silver-Gold Solid Solutions C. L. Mccabe, H. M. Schadel, Jr., and C. E. Birchenall
Metallographic Observations of the Deformation of High-Purity Magnesium in Creep at 500°F A. R. Chaudhuri, N. J. Grant, and J. T. Norton
Revealing the Subgrain Structure of Aluminum M. S. Hunter and D. L. Robinson
Alpha Solid-Solution Area of the Cu-Mn-Sn System C. W. Funk and J. A. Rowland
Recrystallization and Stored Energy H. P. Leighly, H. L. Walker, and J. W. Marx
Magnetic Annealing of a Co-Fe Alloy A. H. Geisler, J. P. Martin, E. Both, and J. H. Crede
Order-Disorder Transformation in Cu-Au Alloys near the Composition CuAu J. B. Newkirk
Self-Diffusion of Iron in Iron Oxides and the Wagner Theory of Oxidation L. Himmel, R. F. Mehl, and C. E. Birchenall
Electrical Resistance of Titanium Metal J. L. Wyatt
Microscopical Examination of Tin Bronzes in the Alpha Range E. C. W. Perryman
Grain Boundary Attack on Aluminum Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide E. C. W. Perryman
Martensite Nucleation in Substitutional Iron Alloys J. C. Fisher
Calculation of Martensite Nucleus Energy Using the Reaction-Path Model J. C. Fisher and D. Turnbull
Further Progress in the Development of Mg-Zr Alloys to Give Good Creep and Fatigue Properties Between 500° and 650°F C. J. P. Ball, A. C. Jessup, P. A. Fisher, D. J. Whitehead, and J. B. Wilson
Textures of Rolled and Annealed Iodide Zirconium J. H. Keeler, W. R. Hibbard, Jr., and B. F. Decker
Anelastic Behavior of Pure Gold Wire D. R. Mash and L. D. Hall
Influence of Aluminum and Silicon Deoxidation on the Strain Aging of Low- Carbon Steels W. C. Leslie and R. L. Rickett
Some Properties of Columbium Containing Nitrogen C. Y. Ang and C. Wert
System Zirconium-Boron F. W. Glaser and B. Post
A Study of Some Binary Hafnium Compounds F. W. Glaser, D. Moskowitz, and B. Post
Creep Behavior of Extruded Electrolytic Magnesium C. S. Roberts
High Pressure Oxidation Rate of Metals-Copper in Oxygen W. Mckewan and W. M. Fassell, Jr.
Plasticity of Columbium Single Crystals R. Maddin and N. K. Chen
Electrical Resistivity of Liquid Metals and of Dilute Liquid Metallic Solutions E. Scala and W. D. Robertson
A Rationalization of Measured High Temperature Properties of Fe-Cr-Co- Ni Alloys J. D. Nisbet and W. R. Hibbard, Jr.
Subgrain Formation in High-Purity Aluminum During Creep at High Temperatures A. M. Gervais, J. T. Norton, and N. J. Grant
Inhomogeneity in Creep Deformation of Coarse Grained High Purity Aluminum H. C. Chang and N. J. Grant
Plastic Stress-Strain Relations for Aluminum Alloy 14s-T6 Subjected to Combined Tension and Torsion J. Marin and H. A. B. Wiseman
Deformation Mechanisms in Alpha Titanium E. A. Anderson, D. C. Jillson, and S. R. Dunbas
Effects of Solid Solution Alloying on the Cold-Rolled Texture of Titanium C. J. Mchargue, S. E. Adair, Jr., and J. P. Hammond
The Ternary System Ti-Ta-C J. G. Mcmullin and J. T. Norton
System Titanium-Chromium-Iron R. J. Van Thyne, H. D. Kessler, and M. Hansen
Plastic Deformation of Rectangular Zinc Monocrystals J. J. Gilman
Variation of Plastic Properties with Annealing Procedure in Zinc Single Crystals C. H. Li, J. Washburn, and E. R. Parker
Recovery in Single Crystals of Zinc R. Drouard, J. Washburn, and E. R. Parker
Plastic Deformation of Single Crystals of Copper J. J. Becker And J. N. Hobstetter
Orientation Relationships in the Recrystallization of Deformed Copper Single Crystals J. J. Becker And J. N. Hobstetter
Age Softening of Beta Brass H. Green and N. Brown
Plastic Deformation of Iron Between 300° and 77.2° K D. F. Gibbons
Rate of Propagation of Martensite R. F. Bunshah and R. F. Mehl
Decay of Lattice Defects Frozen into an Alloy by Quenching A. E. Roswell and A. S. Nowick
Measurement of Approximately Cylindrical Particles in Opaque Samples R. L. Fullman
The Cold Rolled Texture of Titanium D. N. Williams and D. S. Eppelsheimer
Neptunium-Aluminum Intermetallic Compounds O. J. C. Runnals
Diffusion and Solubility of Boron in Iron and Steel P. E. Busby, M. E. Warga, and C. Wells
Effects of Temperature on the Flow and Fracture Characteristics of Molybdenum J. H. Bechtold
Bending of Molybdenum Single Crystals K. T. Aust, R. Maddin, and N. K. Chen
Kink Band Formation in High Purity Aluminum During Creep at High Temperatures A. M. Gervais, J. T. Norton, and N. J. Grant
The Properties of Sand Cast Mg-Th-Zn-Zr Alloys K. E. Nelson
Titanium-Rich Regions of the Ti-C-N, Ti-C-O, and Ti-N-O Phase Diagrams L. Stone and H. Margolin
On the Theory of the Formation of Martensite M. S. Wechsler, D. S. Lieberman, and T. A. Read
Diffusionless Phase Change in the Indium-Thallium System M. W. Burkart and T. A. Read
Some Observations on the Work Hardening of Metals E. H. Edwards, J. Washburn, and E. R. Parker
Analysis of Molten-Zone Refining N. W. Lord
Calculation of Interdiffusion Coefficients When Volume Changes Occur M. Cohen, C. Wagner, and J. E. Reynolds
The Molybdenum-Boron System P. W. Gilles and B. D. Pollock
The Partition of Some Alloying Elements Between Carbide and Ferrite in Steels D. A. Scott and G. S. Farnham
System Titanium-Chromium-Molybdenum R. P. Elliott, B. W. Levincer, and W. Rostoker
After-Effects in Polycrystalline Cadmium C. S. Barrett
Torsional After-Effect Measurement and Applications to Aluminum C. S. Barrett, P. M. Aziz, and I. Markson

Iron and Steel Division

TITLE AUTHOR
Evaluation of the pH and Conductivity Methods of Slag Control (correction, page 572) (Discussion page 1552) P. D. S. St. Pierre
Accelerated Solidification in Ingots: Its Influence on Ingot Soundness (correction, page 572) (Discussion page 1553) E. Marburg
Aluminum-Oxygen Equilibrium in Liquid Iron N. A. Gokcen and J. Chipman
Thermal Conductivity Method for Analysis of Hydrogen in Steel (Discussion page 1551) B. M. Shields, J. Chipman, and N. J. Grant
Reduction of Silicon from Blast Furnace Type Slags J. C. Fulton, N. J. Grant, and J. Chipman
Attainment of Equilibrium in Gas-Metal Reactions (Discussion page 1550) N. A. Gokcen
Effect of Various Elements on Hot-Working Characteristics and Physical Properties of Fe-C Alloys C. T. Anderson, R. W. Kimball, and F. R. Cattoir
Metallic Oxidation in Chromium Steel Melting D. C. Hilty, G. W. Healy, and W. Craft
The Influence of the Rate of Deformation on the Tensile Properties of Some Plain Carbon Sheet Steels (Howe Memorial Lecture, 1963) J. Winlock
Further Studies of the Tuyere Zone of the Blast Furnace (correction page 1018) J. B. Wagstaff
Examination of a High Sulphur Free-Machining Ingot, Bloom and Billet Sections D. J. Carney and E. C. Rudolphy
Reducing Period in Stainless Steel Melting H. P. Rassbach and E. R. Saunders
Silicon-Oxygen Equilibrium in Liquid Iron-A Revision J. Chipman and N. A. Gokcen
Oxygen Activity in Iron Oxide Slags H. Larson and J. Chipman
Manganese as an Indicator of Blast Furnace Slag Oxidation and Desulphurizing Power N. J. Grant, J.W. Dowding, and R. J. Murphy
Diffusion of Calcium Ion in Liquid Slag H. Towers, M. Paris, and J. Chipman
Some Observations of Slag-Metal Relations in the Acid Open Hearth Steel Furnace G. R. Fitterer
Solid Phase Identification in Partially Reduced Iron Ore G. Britsianes and T. L. Joseph
Exchange of Iron Between Liquid Metal and Iron Silicate Slags G. Derge and C. E. Birchenall

Extractive Metallurgy Division

TITLE AUTHOR
Forging of Arc-Melted Chromium H. L Gilbert, H. A. Johansen, and R. G. Nelson
Arc-Furnace Equipment and Its Operation at the Kennecott Utah Refinery H. A. Shaw and H. G. G. Whitton
Tristage Crystallization Process for Utilizing Western Ferrophosphorus L. H. Banning, W. E. Anable, and R. T. C. Rasmussen
Kinetics of the Oxidation of Galena in Sodium Hydroxide Solutions under Oxygen Pressure (Discussion page 1556) J. E. Andersen, J. Halpern, and C.S. Samis
Operations at New Cornelia Copper Smelter of Phelps Dodge Corporation J. W. Byrkit
Effect of Dissolved Sulphur on the Surface Tension of Liquid Copper C. F. Baes, Jr., and H. H. Kellogg
Free Energy of Vaporization of Metals from 0° to 2000°C J. W. Evans
Vapor Pressure of Zinc in the Reduction of ZnS by Cu and Fe (Discussion page 1558) A. W. Bethune and L. M. Pidgeon
Vacuum Dezincing of Desilverized Lead Bullion T. R. A. Gokcen
Thermodynamic Properties of Molybdenum Dioxide N. A. Gokcen
Constitution of the FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 System at Slagmaking Temperatures R. Schuhmann, Jr., R. G. Powell, and E. J. Michal
Solutions of Metals in Fused Salts D. Cubicciotti
Reaction of Silver with Aqueous Solutions of Cyanide and Oxygen G. A. Deitz and J. Halpren
System Ag2O-B2O2; Its Thermodynamic Properties as a Slag Model G. M. Willis and F. L. Hennessy
Effect of Chloride on the Deposition of Copper, in the Presence of Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth V. Hospadaruk and C. A. Winkler
Hurley Furnace and Boiler Description and Design E. A. Slover
Preparation of Metallic Iron of High Purity (with Discussion page 1449) G. A. Moore
Sintering Zinc Concentrates on the Blackwell 12 by 168 Ft Machine A. E. Lee, Jr.

Technical Notes

TITLE AUTHOR
A Replica Method for Study of the Structure of Lead-Antimony Alloys J. Burbank
Torsion Texture of 70-30 Brass and Armco Iron W. A. Backofen and B. B. Hundy
Sintering of Ultrafine Ferromagnetic Powders N. L. Ananthanarayanan and J. F. Libsch
Retained Austenite Determinations by X-Ray Methods B. L. Averba
Regarding Sigma Phase Formation D. S. Bloom and N. J. Grant
Low Temperature Aging in Titanium Alloys W. M. Parris, L. L. Hirsch, and P. D. Frost
Lattice Parameter of Beta Titanium at Room Temperature B. W. Levinger
High Temperature Modification of TiCr2 B. W. Levinger
Effect of Carbon on the Volume Fractions and Lattice Parameters of Retained Austenite and Martensite C. S. Roberts
Slip and Grain Boundary Sliding as Affected by Grain Size N. J. Grant, I. S. Servi, and A. Chaudhuri
Allotropy in the Phase ZrCr2 W. Rostoker
Preferential Etch for Use in Optical Determination of Germanium Crystal Orientation R. H. Wynne and C. Goldberg
Grain Boundary Films in Boron Steels J. W. Spretnak and R. Speiser
Note on Contamination of Silicon Ingots G. Sandoz and H. E. Stauss
Notes on the Plastic Critical Temperature in Strain-Induced Martensite Reactions C. D. Starr
Simple Devices for Approximating Constant Stress During Tensile Creep Tests R. L. Fullman, R. P. Carreker, Jr., and J. C. Fisher
Observations on the Phase TiAg R. J. Van Thyne, W. Rostoker, and H. D. Kessler
On the Distribution of Sodium in Modified Al-Si Alloys A. B. Michael and M. B. Bever
Kinetics of Galvanizing D. J. Blickwede
Concentration Gradients Associated with Growing Pearlite R. E. Grace
Importance of the Iron Content of High-Purity Aluminum M. Metzger and J. Intrater
High Temperature Corrosion in Nickel-Chromium Alloys N. Spooner, J. M. Thomas, and L. Thomassen
Effect of Nickel and Molybdenum on Stabilization of the Austenite- Martensite Transformation D. J. Blickwede
Isothermal Temper Ernbrittlement of SAE 3140 steel F. L. Carr, M. Goldman, L. D. Jaffe, and D. C. Buffum
Thermal Conductivity of Nodular Iron M. J. Sinnott
Plastic Bending of Zinc Crystals G. P. Conard, II, B. L. Averbach, and M. Cohen
Modifications of the Schulz Technique for the X-Ray Determination of Preferred Orientation in Rolled Metal M. L. Fuller and G. Vaux
Some Low Temperature Properties of Titanium Alloy RC-130-B and Stainless Steel W. W. Tyler, L. B. Nesbitt, and A. C. Wilson, Jr.
Effect of Grain Size upon Temper Brittleness L. D. Jaffe, F. L. Carr, and D. C. Buffum
Crystallographic Angles for Orthorhombic (Alpha) Uranium R. B. Russell
Filler Material for the Brazing of Titanium N. A. DeCecco and H. M. Meyer
Structure of the Phase TiMn and the Indexing of Powder Patterns of Sigma-Type Phases R. P. Elliott and W. Rostoker
Detection of Microcracks in Steel W. L. Jensen and R. F. Campell
Relation Between Initial Creep Rate and Resolved Shear Stress in Zinc Single Crystals N. Brown, J. Washburn, and E. R. Parker
Thermal Conductivity, Electrical Resistivity, and Thermoelectric Power of Uranium W. W. Tyler, A. C. Wilson, Jr., and G. J. Wolga
A Corrected Interpretation of the Mechanism of Growth of Magnetite During Oxidation M. H. Davies, M. T. Simnad, and C. E. Birchenall
Some Effects of Microstructure upon Temper Brittleness D. C. Buffum and L. D. Jaffe
Notes on a Molybdenum-Rhenium Alloy C. J. McHargue and H. W. Maynor, Jr.
Change in Ingot Shape During Zone Melting W. G. Pfann
The Habit Plane of Beta In Alpha Titanium P. A. Albert
The Silver-Cadmium Beta and Zeta Phases L. Muldawer, M. Amsterdam, and F. Rothwarf
Formation of Sigma Phase in the Mn-Mo System B. F. Decker, R. M. Waterstrat, and J. S. Kasper
Effects of Sample Surface and X-Ray Diffraction Camera Geometry on the Determination of Retained Austenite in Hardened Steels K. E. Beu and D. P. Koistinen
Notes on the Determination of Retained Austenite by X-Ray Methods K. E. Beu
The Energy State of Fatigued Copper B. Welber and R. Webeler
A Crystallographic Analysis of the Ductile-Brittle Transition in Body- Centered Cubic Single Crystals A. J. Opinsky
Surface Structures on Single crystals Produced from Melt F. D. Rosi

Discussions

TITLE AUTHOR
Institute of Metals Division (page 726)  
Institute of Metals Division (page 1560)  
Iron and Steel Division  
Extractive Metallurgy Division  

Index

TITLE AUTHOR
Index